Author: Sasha Gannon

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Modesty Norms: What to Expect and How to Prepare for visiting Sacred Spaces

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Visiting a Mosque

Mosques are sacred spaces, and they are communal, for use by both men and women. With mosques, the faithful are divided by sex (male and female are the only two sexes recognized in most mosques) and spend their time in different areas of the mosque while hearing lessons or engaging in private or communal prayer. Part of our course is on cultural heritage, and devotional activities and religious observances are components of different cultures’ cultural heritage. To that end, our goal is to observe and not to disturb the activities of those who are using the space while we are learning.

We will be visiting the mosques as guests and students, but will nevertheless be obliged to wear appropriate clothing and exhibit appropriate behavior. That means wearing clothing that is loose-fitting and not tight and form-revealing, especially around the chest and groin areas. Ideally, you will wear something long-sleeved (it can be a light summer cotton material) and long pants or skirts that cover your knees. It is important that you do not show your naked skin around the chest, shoulders, armpits, breasts, stomach, bottom, thighs, or knees. Moreover, women in particular have to cover their heads inside the mosque, which I usually do with a very lightweight cotton scarf that I can take on and off. At many mosques, there are pieces of fabric for visitors to use to cover themselves before they enter, but you might prefer to bring something of your own. We are also required to take off our shoes before we step inside the mosque. There is a slight double-standard for men, who can wear short sleeves, but men must wear long, looser fitting pants. 

Graphic or potentially offensive T-shirts with images or messages on them should either not be worn or covered up when inside the mosque or church. 

It is late spring / early summer where we will be, and the sun will be stronger and the weather will probably be warmer than what you’re used to. Sometimes I will bring a sarong or wide cotton scarf to wrap around my waist if I am wearing a shorter skirt or shorts, and I will bring a loose-fitting long sleeved shirt that I can easily put on over my t-shirt, etc., while inside the mosque and then remove when we’re back outside. There are lots of places to buy lightweight scarves in both Spain and Turkey if you want to shop for one there, too! 

Visiting a Church

Many of the same things that were said above regarding mosques may also be said of churches, with a few differences. Usually you should take off any hats you wear inside a church, and this includes both men and women. Moreover, you do not (and should not) remove your shoes inside a church. Flip flops cannot be worn in churches, but sandals with heel straps are okay, as are sneakers and other types of summer footwear.

Here are some pictures and illustrations that I found on the internet that can help clarify what is allowed and what is forbidden. These are actual signs that are published at the front doors of mosques and churches in the Mediterranean region.

Mosque Manners

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The last thing to keep in mind is your physical behavior, which includes anything that would be disruptive to the activities of those in the mosque or church. Quiet voices are a must. Loud, raucous, or physically disruptive behavior will not be tolerated. When we sit in pews or on the floor, it’s best to keep your body covered, even if you’re a little warm (which may happen). Remember, these are new places with new physical challenges, new experiences, new customs, and new ways of experiencing the world! 

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Don’t Let the Night Before Ruin the Next Day

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You’re adults, and no one’s here to micromanage your choices. But we’re also traveling together, on a schedule, in physically demanding conditions—and how you spend your nights affects how you show up the next morning.

We’ll have early departures, long walking days, and guided experiences where your full presence matters. If you’re overtired, dehydrated, or recovering from a rough night, it doesn’t just impact you—it affects the group dynamic, the flow of the day, and the quality of your experience.

You don’t have to skip the social side of travel. But you do need to keep in mind:

  • Attendance is required. Being too hungover to participate isn’t an excuse.

  • Staying out late? Make sure you’ve hydrated, eaten, and have a plan for getting back safely.

  • Alcohol + heat + exhaustion is a rough combination, especially if you’re not used to it.

  • Everyone’s relying on each other—showing up clear-headed helps the entire group succeed.

The bottom line: you’re not being asked to miss out—just to pace yourself in a way that respects the people around you and keeps you well enough to experience what you came for.

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Managing Extreme Heat

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Managing Extreme Heat

If you’re not used to dry, intense summer heat, traveling in Spain and Turkey can be a big adjustment. Afternoon temperatures often climb well into the 90s, and the combination of full-day activities, direct sun, and unfamiliar routines can catch up with you fast.

This section is here to help you take care of yourself. That means staying ahead of dehydration, dressing for both the weather and the setting, knowing when to slow down, and recognizing early signs of heat exhaustion.

If you pace yourself, stay hydrated, and listen to your body, you’ll be much more able to enjoy the experience fully!

Hydration Comes First

Staying hydrated in a hot, dry climate isn’t as simple as just drinking a little water here and there. When you’re out in high temperatures—especially while walking, sweating, or adjusting to a new schedule—your body loses more fluid than you might expect, and it happens fast.

If you’re someone who forgets to drink water during the day at home, this is something to be especially mindful of. Dehydration can lead to headaches, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and even more serious symptoms if left unaddressed. And by the time you feel thirsty, you’re already behind.

Some key strategies:

  • Carry a reusable water bottle every day.

  • Start early—drink water in the morning before leaving your accommodation, not just once you’re already overheated.

  • Don’t wait until meals to drink—sip throughout the day.

  • Bring electrolyte packets or tablets (like Liquid I.V., Nuun, or DripDrop). These can help replenish salt and minerals lost through sweat and are useful if you’re feeling sluggish or have had a long day outside.

You may not feel like you’re sweating much in dry heat, but you’re still losing fluid. Keeping up with hydration is one of the best things you can do to prevent heat exhaustion and stay functional throughout the trip.

Food, Salt, and Sustaining Energy in the Heat

In intense heat, it’s common to feel less hungry, but your body still needs energy, especially when you’re walking more, sweating more, and adjusting to a new environment. Skipping meals, eating too little, or going too long without food can make you feel lightheaded, irritable, or even physically sick.

It’s not just about calories—it’s also about salt. When you sweat, you lose electrolytes (especially sodium), and without replacing them, you may feel weak or dizzy even if you’re drinking enough water.

Some ways to support yourself:

  • Eat something at every meal, even if it’s small. If you’re not hungry, focus on salty or protein-rich snacks—crackers, olives, cheese, nuts, or yogurt.

  • Don’t skip breakfast before a long day. A light but solid meal in the morning helps prevent crashes later.

  • Listen to your body, not just your appetite. If you’re shaky, lightheaded, or feeling off, a salty snack and water can help regulate you.

  • Take breaks to eat even if others aren’t hungry yet. Everyone’s body is different—advocate for what you need.

Eating enough, especially in the heat, isn’t indulgent. It’s how you keep yourself steady, responsive, and able to engage with the experience in front of you.

Dress for Heat, Movement, and Context

Packing for summer travel isn’t just about staying cool—it’s also about staying comfortable and being respectful of the settings we’ll be visiting. In both Spain and Turkey, you’ll encounter spaces that expect modest dress (especially religious or historic sites), and you may be walking longer distances than usual in direct sun.

Some clothing tips:

  • Loose, breathable fabrics (cotton, linen, moisture-wicking materials) help your body release heat.

  • Light colors reflect the sun better than dark ones.

  • Avoid heavy denim or tight-fitting clothes, which trap heat and can lead to overheating.

  • Bring layers—a lightweight scarf, overshirt, or loose pants can quickly make your outfit site-appropriate without making you overheat.

  • Comfortable shoes are essential—blisters and heat don’t mix well.

Dressing with flexibility means you’re ready for the full range of experiences, without being caught off guard or uncomfortable.

Sunscreen, Hats, and Sunglasses: Non-Negotiables

When the sun is strong, especially in dry heat or reflective urban environments, sun protection isn’t just about comfort—it’s about keeping your body from getting overstressed. Even if you don’t usually burn, exposure over long days outdoors can lead to exhaustion, headaches, and skin damage.

Some essentials:

  • Sunscreen goes on every morning—ideally SPF 30 or higher. Reapply during the day, especially if you’re sweating or wiping your face.

  • Don’t forget often-missed areas: the backs of your hands, neck, ears, and part lines in your hair.

  • A lightweight hat with a brim offers real relief. It keeps the sun off your face and neck and helps prevent overheating.

  • Sunglasses protect your eyes from UV rays and reduce the strain of squinting in bright light all day.

These aren’t extras—they’re tools to help your body manage the heat and stay functional. They’ll also make you feel a lot more human by the end of a long walking day.

Recognize Early Signs of Overheating

Heat exhaustion can start quietly. You might think you’re just tired or distracted, but the signs often creep in. The key is to notice early and act before it escalates.

Things to watch for:

  • Headache or pressure behind the eyes

  • Dizziness, unsteadiness, or “spaced out” feeling

  • Nausea or loss of appetite

  • Excessive sweating—or, in later stages, a sudden stop in sweating

  • Cold, clammy skin despite the heat

  • Mood shifts: irritability, confusion, emotional sensitivity

If you notice any of these in yourself or someone else:

  1. Stop and sit down in a shaded or air-conditioned spot.

  2. Drink water, ideally with electrolytes.

  3. Cool your body—fan yourself, loosen clothing, splash water on your face or neck.

  4. Tell someone—don’t wait it out alone.

Your well-being matters more than pushing through an itinerary. Getting ahead of symptoms keeps you safer and steadier

Give Your Body Time to Adjust

Even if you’re generally active, traveling in an unfamiliar climate, especially one that’s hotter and drier than you’re used to, can be physically taxing. Add in long walking days, shifting sleep patterns, and a different diet, and it’s a lot for your body to adapt to.

Some things to keep in mind:

  • The first few days might hit hardest—let your system adjust.

  • Rest isn’t falling behind—it’s what makes the rest of the trip sustainable.

  • Everyone’s tolerance is different—if others seem fine and you’re struggling, that doesn’t mean you’re doing anything wrong.

  • Listen to what you need, even if it’s just 15 minutes to lie down, a snack, or a change of clothes.

You don’t need to be at full speed every moment to have a meaningful experience. Being present, honest with yourself, and willing to recalibrate is key!